Mortgage Guidelines Resume Tightening Nationwide

Despite an improving U.S. economy, the nation's banks remain cautious about what they will lend, and to whom.

Last quarter, by a margin of 3-to-2, more banks tightened residential mortgage lending standards for "prime borrowers" than did loosen them.

A "prime borrower" is defined as one with a well-documented credit history, high credit scores, and a low debt-to-income ratio. The insight comes from the Federal Reserve's quarterly survey of its member banks.

Last quarter, of the 54 responding banks :

• 0 banks tightened mortgage guidelines considerably
• 3 banks tightened mortgage guidelines somewhat
• 49 banks left guidelines basically unchanged
• 2 banks eased mortgage guidelines somewhat
• 0 banks eased mortgage guidelines considerably

By contrast, in the quarter prior, not a single surveyed bank reported tighter residential mortgage guidelines. The period from January-March was a step backwards, therefore, for the fledgling U.S. housing market.

Overall, getting approved for a mortgage is tougher than it used to be. Banks enforce higher minimum credit score standards; ask for larger downpayment/equity positions; and require higher monthly income relative to monthly debt obligations.

It's one reason why the homeownership rate is at its lowest point since 1997.

Another reason why homeownership rates may be down is that prospective home buyers believe the hurdles of today's mortgage approval process may be impassably high. That's untrue.

There are many U.S. homeowners and renters -- even here in Atlanta -- that were approved for a home loan last quarter -- prime borrowers or otherwise. Some had excellent credit, some had modest credit. Some had high income, some had moderate income. Many, however, took advantage of low-downpayment mortgage options such as the FHA's 3.5% downpayment program, and the VA's 100% mortgage program for military veterans.

Despite a general tightening in mortgage standards, loans are still available and banks remain eager to lend.

It is harder to get approved today as compared to 5 years ago, but for those that try and succeed, the reward is access to the lowest mortgage rates in a lifetime. Mortgage rates throughout Georgia continue to push home affordability to all-time highs.

If you're in the market to buy a new a home or refinance one, your timing is excellent.

Mortgage Guidelines Starting To Loosen?

Mortgage lending appears to be loosening. At least for now.

In its quarterly survey of member banks, the Federal Reserve asks senior loan officers around the country whether their "prime" residential mortgage guidelines had tightened within the last 3 months.

A prime borrower is one with a well-documented credit history, high credit scores, and a low debt-to-income ratio.

Of the 54 responding banks, just 2 said its guidelines had tightened during the period October-December 2010. That's less than 4 percent. And, by comparison, 95 percent of banks said guidelines remained "basically unchanged".

The remaining banks reported a loosening.

It's a positive sign for the housing market, and for home buyers in Kennesaw and nationwide. If banks have stopped raising the hurdles of home loan approval, in theory, more would-be buyers will be approved.

It's much tougher to get a home loan versus 5 years ago. Delinquencies and defaults have changed how banks review loan applications. Today's underwriters are more conservative with respect to household income, total assets and overall credit scores.

Even as compared to January 2010, approval standards are higher : 

• Minimum credit score requirements are higher
• Downpayment/equity requirements are larger
• Maximum allowable debt-to-income ratios have been lowered

Although mortgage rates remain low, qualification standards do not. Based on last quarter's banking survey, however, mortgage applicants in Georgia may find approvals easier to come by soon. Low rates don't matter, after all, if you're not eligible to get them.

The housing market is strong and lending looks to be loosening. It should help fuel the demand for homes in 2011, which will push supplies down and lead prices up. For homeowners that qualify, therefore, the best time to purchase a home may be sometime this spring.